New shapes and forms will emanate, as well as new methods of Christian church contributions to world peace. One at creation, one at the advent of Christ. Soon will begin the third for both humanity and Christendom through the union of Christians. Orthodox Jews asked the Ministry of Education in Israel how to explain all the tumult to children, who ordinarily hear virtually nothing about Christianity.
The Protestant Reformation flatly denied the importance of pilgrimages and sacred sites and discouraged visits to holy places, for which Rome claimed thaumaturgical powers on the ground that the incarnate God sanctified certain places, to which something of divinity became attached, so that a partial absolution of sins was assured by the Roman Church to pilgrims to sacred sites.
Protestants held that the glory of God is equally present in all places. In recent years, due to archaeological and historical interest, and a tourist interest made possible by modern transportation, Protestant attitudes have changed somewhat.
But strictly speaking they do not make pilgrimages and while they show historical reverence at the sites they do not regard them as sacred in the Roman Catholic sense. It is highly improbable that the Pope would ever have traveled to Istanbul or the Patriarch to Rome for such a meeting. Consent for such representation apparently was lacking from some Orthodox bodies. Chief object of the Council of Florence —45 was reunion with the Greek Church.
Commissions consisting of Latins and Greeks in equal numbers centered negotiations on the Double Procession of the Holy Ghost, the use of unleavened bread in Communion, the doctrine of purgatory, and the primacy of the pope. Latin views ultimately prevailed, and the Greeks even accepted papal supremacy, though in vaguer terms than originally proposed.
A complicating factor was that the Greeks sought support from the West against the Turks, who were advancing on Constantinople. A decree of union was signed on July 5, , but Orthodox synods refused to ratify it. As press correspondents poured into the Holy Land from all over the world, the available accommodations became more austere. But there were no reports of anyone sleeping in a stable. Protestant leaders queried by Christianity Today on events in the Holy Land were generally cautious.
Oswald C. We pray that the time will come when genuine differences in doctrine can be discussed by Christians fully and frankly with each other in an atmosphere of genuine Christian love and warmth. Paul S. Those of us who are in neither tradition may well entertain serious doubts as to how fruitful these conversations may be, but the fact that leaders of these groups, notably Roman Catholic leaders, are taking a fresh look at Holy Scripture should prevent our being completely negative or pessimistic.
Robert A. Clyde W. In London, Dr. A raid on the monastery by shotgunarmed Turkish Cypriots broke a tenuous calm that had followed a cease-fire and temporary end to violence in Cyprus. Worldwide expressions of concern over the troubled Cyprus situation—an eruption of long distrust between Greek and Turkish communities stimulated by Turkish Cypriot fears that proposed constitutional amendments would jeopardize their rights—included issuance of a communique by the Council of the Holy Synod of the Ecumenical Patriarchate in Istanbul.
Turkish radio said the council met under the chairmanship of Ecumenical Patriarch Athenagoras, supreme leader of Eastern Orthodoxy. The proposals were seen by the Turkish community, which numbers some , compared to about , Greek Cypriots, as a threat to their influence. Archbishop Makarious became the first president of Cyprus when the island achieved independence in Before that, he led the struggle for sovereignty, bitterly opposing British rule.
Born Michael Christedoulos Mouskos, the son of a peasant in the Cypriot village of Ano Panayia, the year-old archbishop became a novice monk at the age of thirteen and later studied law and theology at Athens University.
In he was elected archbishop and ethnarch of Cyprus. Two days before his inauguration last month, President Chung-Hee Park of the Republic of Korea attended a special Sunday morning Christian service arranged by Christian members of his cabinet.
The event stirred up a flurry of rumors that he might become a Christian. However, one of his close co-workers is the Minister of Defense, Sung-Eun Kim, a devout Presbyterian layman, who persuaded Park to ask for the special preinauguration service at an ROK army chapel. It was attended by high army, navy, and air force officers, government officials, and Christian leaders from virtually all denominations.
With the new year Maryland became the last of the fifty states to authorize civil marriages by circuit court clerks. Legislation passed last year by the state legislature replaced a Colonial law which held that only clergymen could perform marriages. You can find more information in our data protection declaration. There's never before been a meeting between a Pope and Russian Patriarch. Broadly speaking, the two churches shared the first 1, years of Christian ecclesiastical history.
Then, there was a split over the Pope's claim to power, the importance of tradition and a host of other issues. Today, there are various different views on the relationship between the church and the state. But few other churches, whether in czarist or in communist Russia, were as close to local communities as Russian Orthodoxy.
It's no coincidence that the Cuban capital - at the intersection of Pope Francis' current travel route from Rome to Mexico, while Kirill plans to continue from there to Paraguay and Brazil - was chosen for the meeting. In past years, the Belarus capital Minsk and the Austrian capital Vienna were hinted at as possible meeting places. European cities, however, are all still burdened by problems of the East-West schism.
It's an "alliance the likes of which we haven't seen in more than 1, years of Russian Orthodoxy," according to the professor of theology and history of the Christian East at Vienna University. Under Putin, he added, Orthodoxy has once again become established, almost like it was during the era of czarist Absolutism.
How do you address a patriarch? Both Your Beatitude and Your Holiness are used to address patriarchs. The courtesy titles are roughly equivalent, and which is used is a matter of tradition and translation.
Check the preference of the bearer. Who is the current patriarch? Bartholomew I. What does it mean to be excommunicated from the Catholic Church?
Excommunication is an institutional act of religious censure used to end or at least regulate the communion of a member of a congregation with other members of the religious institution who are in normal communion with each other.
The word excommunication means putting a specific individual or group out of communion. What created the Great Schism? What is a patriarch of a family? A patriarch is a male leader. Although the noun patriarch specifically refers to a male head of the family, it can more generally refer to any older, respected male. However some of the differences are irreconcilable. The biggest issue surrounding divinity is the Orthodox Church's disagreement with the Catholic Church's view that the Holy Spirit proceeds from the Father and the Son.
The Orthodox tradition rejects this, believing that the Holy Spirit only proceeds through the Father. Also, the Orthodox faith disputes the status of the Pope.
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